Recall of State Officials

Recall of State Officials

Recall is a procedure that allows citizens to remove and replace a public official before the end of a term of office. Historically, recall has been used most frequently at the local level. By some estimates, three-fourths of recall elections are at the city council or school board level. This brief, however, focuses only on the recall as it applies to state officials.

Recall differs from another method for removing officials from office - impeachment - in that it is a political device while impeachment is a legal process. Impeachment requires the House to bring specific charges and the Senate to act as a jury. In most of the eighteen recall states, specific grounds are not required, and the recall of a state official is by an election.

Eighteen states permit the recall of state officials:

Alaska
Arizona
California
Colorado
Georgia
Idaho


Kansas
Louisiana
Michigan
Minnesota
Montana
Nevada


New Jersey
North Dakota
Oregon
Rhode Island
Washington
Wisconsin